Climbing to New Heights: A Guide to Conquering Half Dome in Yosemite

I just returned from a trip to California. Hiking Half Dome in Yosemite National Park was one of the highlights of this trip! It is an iconic and challenging adventure that offers breathtaking views of the Yosemite Valley and surrounding wilderness. Half Dome is a granite dome that rises nearly 5,000 feet above the valley floor and is one of Yosemite’s most recognizable landmarks.

The hike to Half Dome is approximately 16 to 18 miles round trip (depending on the route) and includes a strenuous ascent, including a section with the help of cables that assist hikers in climbing the final steep pitch to the summit. This is the route we ended up taking, on the way back the mist trail was closed so we had to take a detour.

Here’s an overview of the hiking route and what you can expect:

1. Trailhead: The hike typically starts at the Happy Isles Trailhead in Yosemite Valley. You’ll follow the Mist Trail, which takes you past Vernal Fall and Nevada Fall, providing beautiful views and misty experiences.
2. Little Yosemite Valley: After passing the waterfalls, the trail leads to Little Yosemite Valley, where there is a campsite that can be used for backpacking trips.
3. Sub Dome: Beyond Little Yosemite Valley, you’ll reach Sub Dome, a steep granite slope that serves as a precursor to the final ascent up Half Dome.
4. Cables: The final push to the summit involves climbing the cables. These cables are put up during the hiking season to provide handholds for ascending the steep granite slab. Hikers should wear sturdy hiking boots and use gloves to protect their hands while using the cables. A few people in our group got blisters from the using the cables without gloves.
5. Summit: Once you’ve climbed the cables, you’ll reach the summit of Half Dome, where you can enjoy panoramic views of Yosemite Valley, Half Dome’s sheer face, and the surrounding Sierra Nevada mountains.

Permits for hiking Half Dome are required and are limited to help preserve the natural environment and ensure visitor safety. A maximum of 300 hikers each day during the cable season (which includes about 225 day-hikers and 75 backpackers) are allowed past the base of the sub dome on the Half Dome Trail to attempt the summit. The cables are usually up from the Friday before Memorial Day through Columbus Day, but these dates are subject to change based on conditions.

1. Lottery System: Most permits for hiking Half Dome are distributed through a lottery system. The lottery usually opens in March and closes in March or April, with results announced in April. You can apply for permits on the official Yosemite National Park website during the lottery period.
2. Daily Lottery: A smaller number of permits are available through a daily lottery during the hiking season (typically from around May to October). These permits can be applied for two days in advance of your desired hiking date.
3. Wilderness Permit w/ Half Dome permit: Backpacking permits that include Half Dome hike permits are available by reservation when you request a wilderness permit.

I’m going to go into more details on the Lottery system since that is what I did to get permits:

When to Apply:

Step 1: Visit Recreation.gov.

Step 2: During the Yosemite Half Dome lottery period (March 1 – March 31), click the “Register for Lottery” button.

Step 3: Provide permit holder details and select an alternate permit holder if desired.

Step 4: Choose preferred dates for the lottery, prioritized from most to least preferred (up to 7 choices). The more dates you provide the better your chances are for being selected.

Step 5: Agree to the “Need to Know” information, proceed to Checkout, and complete the payment process.

Step 6: Await notification of lottery results by mid-April. If successful, confirm and purchase the permit by the designated acceptance date.

Additional Notes:

• Each individual may apply once as either the trip leader or alternate. Applying as both will lead to the cancellation of all applications.
• The trip leader or alternate listed on the permit must be present during the hike, and permit names cannot be changed after submission.

Costs:

• A non-refundable application fee of $10 per application (not per person) covers processing, regardless of obtaining a permit or not.
• Successful applicants are charged an additional $10 per person for the permit, refundable if canceled up until 9 PM the day prior to the hike or if cable conditions prevent access.

Here are some tips I found helpful during out ascent of Half Dome:

1. Physical Preparation:
   • Train in advance: Hiking Half Dome requires endurance and strength. Incorporate cardiovascular exercises, uphill walking, and stair climbing into your fitness routine.
   • Build hiking stamina: Gradually increase the distance and elevation of your hikes to simulate the conditions of the Half Dome trail.
2. Planning and Preparation:
   • Research trail conditions: Familiarize yourself with the trail route, elevation gain, distance, and potential hazards.
   • Check weather forecasts: Yosemite’s weather can change rapidly. Be prepared for a range of conditions and check the forecast before your hike.
3. Gear and Equipment:
   • Wear proper footwear: Sturdy hiking boots with good ankle support are essential for the rocky and uneven terrain.
   • Bring appropriate clothing: Dress in layers to accommodate changing temperatures. Pack a waterproof and windproof jacket, hat, gloves, and sunglasses.
   • Use a comfortable backpack: Carry essentials like water, snacks, a first aid kit, a map, sunscreen, and a flashlight.
4. Hydration and Nutrition:
   • Stay hydrated: Carry enough water to stay hydrated throughout the hike. Consider a water filtration system for refills from natural sources.
   • Pack energy-rich snacks: Bring high-energy foods like trail mix, energy bars, fruits, and nuts to maintain your energy levels.
5. Safety and Etiquette:
   • Hike with a group: Travel with companions to ensure safety and enjoy the experience together.
   • Leave no trace: Follow Leave No Trace principles by packing out all your trash and minimizing your impact on the environment.
   • Stay on designated trails: Avoid shortcuts or creating new paths to preserve the ecosystem.
6. Timing and Pace:
   • Start early: Begin your hike well before sunrise to allow ample time for the ascent and descent. We started at 4 am, and it was great to have the trail to ourselves!
   • Manage your pace: Take breaks as needed to rest and catch your breath. Don’t push yourself too hard, especially on the steep sections.
7. Cables Section:
   • Be prepared: Bring sturdy gloves to protect your hands during the cable section. Gloves with a good grip are recommended.
   • Follow cable etiquette: Yield to hikers ascending or descending, and use the wooden slats for rest when available.
8. Altitude and Acclimatization:
   • Yosemite’s high elevation can cause altitude-related issues. If you’re not acclimated, consider arriving a day or two early to adjust before attempting the hike.
9. Enjoy the Experience:
   • Take in the views: The summit offers breathtaking panoramic vistas. Take your time to savor the scenery and capture photos.
   • Stay safe: Assess your physical condition and the weather before deciding to summit. If conditions worsen, it’s okay to turn back.

Remember that hiking Half Dome is a challenging endeavor and requires physical fitness, proper preparation, and safety precautions. It’s important to be aware of the weather conditions, carry enough water and food, wear appropriate clothing and footwear, and follow park guidelines and regulations.

For the most up-to-date and accurate information on hiking permits, trail conditions, and safety guidelines, be sure to visit the official Yosemite National Park website or contact the park directly before planning your hike.

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